2. Mary’s guilt. Mary Warren confesses to Reverend Hale that she and Abigail lied when they accused other people of witchcraft. This adds doubt to Abigail's credibility, but also to the court’s ability to accurately identify true witchcraft.
3. Hale’s discovery. While looking for evidence of witchcraft in the Proctors' home, Reverend Hale finds a poppet made of cloth. This poppet is considered a strong piece of evidence of witchcraft because it is believed that witches create poppets to bewitch people. However, the poppet was planted in the Proctor's home by Abigail in order to frame them for witchcraft, revealing the court’s unreliable methods of evidence collection.
These factors combined provide strong challenges to the claims against John and Elizabeth, suggesting their innocence and casting doubt on the validity of the witchcraft accusations.