* Religious and Political Differences: Mary was a Catholic, while England was ruled by the Protestant Queen Elizabeth I. This religious divide fueled political tensions.
* Claim to the English Throne: Mary was a direct descendant of Henry VII, making her a potential heir to the English throne. Elizabeth saw this as a threat to her rule.
* Conspiracies and Rebellions: Mary was accused of involvement in several plots against Elizabeth, including the Babington Plot, which aimed to assassinate the queen.
* Trial and Condemnation: Mary was found guilty of treason after a trial orchestrated by Elizabeth.
It's important to note that the evidence against Mary was circumstantial and possibly fabricated. While she was a controversial figure, some argue that her execution was politically motivated and a way for Elizabeth to eliminate a potential rival.
In conclusion, Mary Queen of Scots was beheaded due to a complex mix of religious and political tensions, concerns about her claim to the English throne, and accusations of involvement in plots against Elizabeth I.