- Early Theatrical Hub: New York City has a long history as a theatrical hub dating back to the late 18th and early 19th centuries. With the establishment of theaters such as the Park Theatre and the Bowery Theatre, New York became a place where actors and productions from different regions converged, fostering a growing local theater scene.
- Theatrical Entrepreneurs: Enterprising individuals like impresarios Oscar Hammerstein I, Florenz Ziegfeld, and David Belasco were major players in NYC's theater development. They saw the potential of the city and were instrumental in building and operating venues, bringing new productions, and attracting talented performers.
- Cultural Magnet: New York City attracted a diverse population of immigrants with varied cultural interests. The city's eclectic mix of artistic influences and vibrant nightlife contributed to its allure as a place where creativity flourished.
Geographical Advantages:
- Accessibility: NYC is a major transportation hub, with easy access by land, sea, and air. Theater producers and touring companies could conveniently bring their productions to New York and distribute them to audiences across the country and beyond.
- Large Population Base: New York's large and growing population provided a substantial audience base. The proximity to other major cities, such as Philadelphia, Boston, and Washington D.C., created a regional draw for theatergoers.
Broadway as a Theater District:
- Concentration of Theaters: Over time, a concentration of theaters developed along Broadway, initially centered around the Times Square area. The proximity allowed for easy movement between performances and created a unique theatrical atmosphere.
- Clustering Effect: The presence of established theaters attracted new ones, leading to a self-reinforcing cycle. Producers recognized Broadway as a major platform where hit productions could potentially secure long-term success and widespread recognition.
- Marketing and Prestige: Broadway productions achieved greater prominence due to centralized marketing and a higher level of critical and media attention compared to other theater scenes in the U.S. The brand recognition of Broadway enhanced its appeal to audiences.
- Theater-Friendly Policies: New York City government and regulatory bodies implemented policies conducive to theater production, including regulations related to noise control and building permits, making it an attractive place to operate and perform.
In essence, New York City's historical importance, geographical advantages, concentrated theater district, and favorable policies all contributed to its enduring position as the center of Broadway and the theatrical capital of the United States.