Here are a few ways in which Holden changes over the course of the novel:
- Maturity in Understanding: Holden begins the book as a highly critical and judgmental person, dismissing most of the adult world as "phonies." As the story unfolds, he starts to recognize that people are more complex than he initially thought. He starts understanding the flaws in his own thinking, and this self-awareness marks a step toward maturity.
- Emotional Vulnerability: Throughout the novel, Holden tries to hide his emotions and project an air of indifference, but as he spends time with people who care about him, like his sister Phoebe and his former English teacher, Mr. Antolini, Holden begins to open up and express his true feelings.
- Appreciation of Childhood's Innocence: Holden holds on tightly to his childhood memories and fears losing his innocence by becoming a "phony" adult. However, by the end of the book, he starts to realize that growing up doesn't necessarily mean losing one's innocence, but rather that it may involve preserving those elements that truly matter.
- Acceptance of Mental Health: Holden's journey also involves grappling with his own psychological struggles, including depression and alienation. As he interacts with various adults and contemplates his past experiences, he starts to understand that seeking help for his emotional problems is important and that acknowledging his vulnerabilities doesn't make him weak.
- Changing Perspective: Holden's change in perspective is further evident in his evolving thoughts about societal expectations and success. He learns that one doesn't have to conform to conventional notions of success or societal standards. Instead, he can find meaning in personal relationships and the pursuit of authentic fulfillment.
It is important to note that Holden's changes are gradual and subtle. He doesn't experience a dramatic shift in personality or a complete resolution to his problems. Instead, the novel's ending suggests the beginning of a transformative process as Holden takes steps towards a more insightful and compassionate understanding of the world.