* Lyrics: The lyrics of a song are the words that are sung. They typically express a message or tell a story.
* Melody: The melody of a song is the tune that is sung. It is typically made up of a series of notes that are played in a specific order.
* Harmony: The harmony of a song is the way that the different notes in the melody are played together. It can be created by playing chords, which are groups of notes that are played together at the same time, or by playing countermelodies, which are melodies that are played against the main melody.
* Rhythm: The rhythm of a song is the way that the notes in the melody are played over time. It is determined by the speed and duration of the notes.
* Form: The form of a song is the way that the different parts of the song are arranged. A typical song form consists of a verse, a chorus, and a bridge.
* Instrumentation: The instrumentation of a song is the way that the different instruments are used to create the sound of the song. It can include instruments such as guitars, drums, bass, keyboards, and vocals.
* Production: The production of a song is the way that the song is recorded and mixed. It involves decisions about the sound quality, the balance of the instruments, and the overall feel of the song.