Lyrics:
- The lyrics of the song directly address various social issues, such as poverty, war, environmental degradation, and racial injustice. Gaye sings, "What's going on?/ Brother, can you spare a dime?" and "War is hell, Brother, it's killing us all," highlighting the struggles and suffering experienced by individuals in society.
Music:
- The music of the song is slow, melancholic, and soulful. The smooth instrumental arrangement, featuring prominent strings, piano, and percussion, creates a sense of urgency and emotional depth. The repetition of the title question, "What's going on?," conveys a state of disbelief and bewilderment about the state of society.
Composition:
- The structure of the song builds gradually in intensity, mirroring the increasing frustration and despair felt by the singer. The verses present a series of observations and questions, while the chorus repeatedly asks, "What's going on?," emphasizing the lack of answers or solutions to the problems faced by society.
Instrumentation:
- The use of specific instruments adds to the song's emotional impact. The gentle strumming of the acoustic guitar, the soulful saxophone solo, and the gospel-inspired background vocals contribute to the overall mood of contemplation, sorrow, and plea for change.
Message of Empathy:
- Gaye's song serves as a collective voice, expressing the sentiments and concerns of a generation grappling with social injustice. By presenting a personal and emotional account, he encourages empathy and solidarity among individuals, emphasizing the urgent need for understanding, compassion, and action in the face of societal troubles.
Overall, Marvin Gaye's "What's Going On" masterfully captures the complexities and challenges of society during a tumultuous period. Through its powerful lyrics, music, and composition, the song resonated with listeners and became an anthem for social change and a reminder of the need to address societal problems with compassion and unity.