Australia's history as a nation dates back to the late 18th century, when the British established a penal colony in New South Wales. The country gradually gained autonomy from the United Kingdom, and the Commonwealth of Australia was officially formed in 1901. While Australia has a relatively short history compared to many other nations, it is still considered a "young" country by international standards.
The term "free" in the anthem symbolizes Australia's commitment to individual rights, democracy, and the rule of law. Australia has a strong tradition of civil liberties, freedom of speech, and religious tolerance. The country also has a Westminster-style parliamentary system of government, which emphasizes representative democracy and the separation of powers.
When Australians sing "young and free," they are acknowledging the nation's relatively brief history, its commitment to individual freedom and democratic principles, and their aspiration for a bright and prosperous future.