Use drum mics. They are designed to capture and transmit the unique sounds of drums. Avoid using vocal mics and other kinds of mics for drums.
Use new drum heads. Stretch the heads out before use and tune before micing. New drum heads will always sound better when miced than older heads that have been played in.
Position the mic for the snare first. Point it at the center of the snare, about 2" above the head of the snare and 2-3" from the rim of the drum.
Place the mic for the bass drum inside the drum itself resting on a small pillow. If you can't get inside the drum, place the mic on a stand so that the base of the mic points towards the center of the drum and the head of the mic is tilted slightly up.
Mic the tom-toms and any other drums by positioning the mic as you would for the snare, about 2" above the head, pointing at the middle of the drum, near the rim.
Place the mic for the cymbals 7-9 inches away from the edge of the cymbals and as far away from any other drum mic as possible. This positioning helps avoid cymbal bleed-through.
Hang any overhead mics directly above the drum set so that they end 5'6' above the drums. Make sure they are out of the way of the drummer.
Do a sound check before any performance to make sure the balance is good and that all of the mics are working.