Filters that are built into a mixing console or integrated into computer recording software add quality to tracks by removing the unwanted sounds from the recording. EQ (equalization) filters allow the user to set parameters that will send only the parts of the track that are within the specified equalizer spectrum to the final track, according to HomeStudioTips.com.
EQ filters exist in two main types, namely a low-pass and a high-pass filter. A low-pass filter allows the low end of the vocal to be recorded while filtering out the highs, while the high-pass filter allows the highs to get recorded while filtering out the lows. For example, a low-pass filter will remove unwanted hisses and other high noise picked up through the mic that may be a result of cooling fans on a computer or the hiss of air coming from air conditioning vents. Making sure you have applied EQ filters to vocals will help produce the best vocal sounds possible in your home studio.
A pop filter is most commonly a physical device as opposed to a software filter, although some systems may have an option to apply a pop filter to simulate its effect. It's still best to use one of these devices when recording all vocals.
The pop filter is a circular attachment that mounts on the microphone with a mesh screen that breaks up sound waves coming from the vocalist's mouth toward the mic. The material keeps the popping sounds of words beginning with "p" or "b" sounds from sounding too harsh in the recording. This softening of the vocals will typically result in a more desirable finished product. Make your own homemade pop filter by using a bent wire clothes hanger and stretching a pair of nylon stockings over it, according to VSTPlatinum.com.
Depending on the sound you are trying to create, you can set up the vocalist in any area you wish, but the singer's immediate surroundings will dramatically influence the sound of the voice recording.
For the most professional and rich sounding vocals, create a vocal booth in your home studio. Use a small area such as a closet and tack carpet or foam to the walls to insulate the sound waves and give them less to bounce off of. This will eliminate any echo and allow you to take the pure sound of the voice and work with it in post-production to get the exact sound you desire.
A simple piece of advice for recording vocals in a home studio is to buy a quality microphone. This is one of the most important pieces of equipment you can have when it comes to vocal quality. A great singer in a great vocal booth will still not sound great if a cheap mic is used to record the track.