Use an equalizer to shape the overall sound of the home-recorded audio. You can use an equalizer to fix problem areas, such as removing unwanted bass frequencies. You can also use an equalizer to enhance the home audio, such as using it to emphasize the high frequencies. Typically, you will only want to make minor changes to the equalization of the audio during mastering. If you find yourself making large EQ boosts or cuts, you might consider remixing the audio content to fix these problems before mastering the audio.
Use a compressor to control the dynamic range of the home-recorded audio. By using a compressor, you can give the home-recorded audio a "tighter" feel by reducing the dynamic range of the audio content. The more you compress the audio, the louder you will be able to get the overall volume of the CD. However, be careful not to compress the audio too much, as this will lend a squashed and lifeless sound to your audio. Using a compressor can also act as the "glue" that holds your mix together, making the mix seem more cohesive and giving it that CD quality "sheen."
Use a limiter to increase the overall volume of your home-recorded audio. By limiting the peak signal of the content, you can successfully raise the overall volume of the audio to achieve a commercial volume level. Be careful not to limit your audio content too much, though. Too much limiting can cause the audio to sound smashed and distorted.