Is toccata and fugue in d minor polyphonic homophonic or monophonic?

Toccata and Fugue in D Minor by Johann Sebastian Bach is a polyphonic composition. Polyphonic music consists of two or more independent melodies played simultaneously. In the toccata and fugue, the toccata is a free-form improvisational section that showcases the virtuosity of the performer. The fugue, on the other hand, is a highly structured contrapuntal composition based on a single theme that is developed and imitated throughout the piece. Both sections feature multiple voices that interact and weave together, creating a rich and complex musical texture.