Here are the key differences:
1. Number of Valves:
- A 4-valved trumpet has four valves, while a 3-valved trumpet has three.
2. Range:
- The additional valve on the 4-valved trumpet allows for greater flexibility and range in playing different notes. It extends the lower register and helps to fill in some of the gaps between notes that exist on the 3-valved trumpet.
3-valved trumpets have a range of about two and a half octaves. It is limited to the notes from the 2nd partial tone to the 12th partial tone.
4-valved trumpets have a range of about four octaves. It is limited to the notes from the pedal tone (the fundamental) to the 24th partial tone.
3. Complexity:
- Playing the 4- valved trumpet generally requires more advanced playing techniques and fingering combinations compared to the 3-valved trumpet, as it involves manipulating four valves instead of three.
4. Usage and Music Genres:
- The 4-valved trumpet is commonly used in classical, jazz, and professional music settings where a wider range of notes and versatility is required.
- The 3-valved trumpet, while still used in certain traditional and historical music contexts, is often seen as more beginner-friendly and is commonly used for learning the basics of the instrument.