1. Romantic Opera: Wagner is primarily known for his operatic works. His operas are considered some of the greatest and most influential works of the Romantic era in classical music. They feature a combination of dramatic storytelling, powerful orchestral music, and leitmotifs (recurring musical themes associated with characters, objects, or ideas). Wagner's notable operas include "Der Ring des Nibelungen" (The Ring Cycle), "Tristan und Isolde," and "Parsifal."
2. Symphonic Music: Wagner also composed several concert works, including symphonic poems and overtures. His symphonic poems, such as "Siegfried Idyll" and "Faust Overture," showcase his distinctive musical language, rich orchestration, and dramatic qualities.
3. Music Drama: Wagner developed the concept of "music drama," in which music, drama, and theater are seamlessly integrated to create a total work of art. He sought to transcend traditional operatic conventions by merging music and drama into a single, unified experience. This concept is evident in his later operas, particularly those that form the tetralogy "Der Ring des Nibelungen."
4. Leitmotifs: Wagner is widely known for his use of leitmotifs, which are short musical phrases or themes associated with specific characters, ideas, or objects in his operas. Leitmotifs play a crucial role in developing characters, advancing the narrative, and adding depth and complexity to the musical texture.
5. Chromaticism: Wagner expanded the use of chromaticism (the use of non-diatonic notes) in his music. His chromatic harmonies, rich orchestral colors, and dissonance added a sense of emotional intensity and psychological depth to his works.
6. Orchestral Innovations: Wagner was renowned for his mastery of orchestration. He expanded the size of the orchestra, introduced new instruments, and developed innovative techniques to achieve specific sonic effects. His innovative use of orchestral color contributed significantly to the emotional impact and dramatic atmosphere of his operas.
In summary, Richard Wagner's music primarily encompassed Romantic opera, symphonic music, and his unique concept of music drama. His use of leitmotifs, chromaticism, and orchestral innovations greatly influenced the development of classical music and left a lasting impact on composers and audiences alike.