1. Chordophones: These instruments produce sound by the vibration of strings. Examples include guitars, violins, and harps.
2. Aerophones: These instruments produce sound by the vibration of air. Examples include flutes, trumpets, and saxophones.
3. Idiophones: These instruments produce sound by the vibration of the instrument itself. Examples include xylophones, marimbas, and gongs.
4. Membranophones: These instruments produce sound by the vibration of a membrane. Examples include drums, timpani, and tambourines.
5. Electrophones: These instruments produce sound by the conversion of electrical signals into sound waves. Examples include synthesizers, electric guitars, and electronic drums.