- Trumpets: Trumpets were relatively rare in the classical orchestra before the 18th century. They were mainly used for ceremonial and military purposes. Their use in the classical orchestra gradually increased, particularly in the later part of the period.
- Natural horns: Natural horns, also known as valveless horns, were commonly used in the classical orchestra. They were capable of producing a limited number of notes based on the harmonic series, which restricted their melodic possibilities. Horn players relied on hand-stopping techniques and crooks (additional tubes) to change pitch.
- Trombones: Trombones were rarely used in the classical orchestra. Their incorporation became more prevalent during the Romantic period in the 19th century.
- Keyed or valved brass instruments: Keyed or valved brass instruments were still in their early stages of development during the classical period and were not widely adopted until later. They allowed for greater flexibility and chromatic possibilities, transforming the capabilities of brass instruments in the orchestra.
Initially, brass instruments primarily played supporting roles, providing harmonic reinforcement to the strings. As composers began to explore the unique timbres of brass instruments, their use expanded, leading to more prominent and soloistic roles in the orchestra.