1. Size: Bass clarinets are larger than regular clarinets, and they have a longer, wider bore. This gives them a deeper, richer sound.
2. Range: Bass clarinets have a lower range than regular clarinets. They can play down to the low E♭, which is an octave below the lowest note on a regular clarinet.
3. Keys: Bass clarinets have a different key system than regular clarinets. They have an additional key on the left-hand side of the instrument, which is used to play the low E♭.
4. Embouchure: Bass clarinets require a different embouchure than regular clarinets. The player must use more air and a stronger embouchure to produce a sound on a bass clarinet.
5. Uses: Bass clarinets are often used in orchestras, wind ensembles, and jazz bands. They are also used in some military bands.