* Ruler - A rigid instrument marked in units of length, such as inches, centimeters, or meters.
* Tape measure - A flexible strip of material marked in units of length, such as feet or meters.
* Calipers - A tool used to measure the distance between two points.
* Micrometer - A precision instrument used to measure very small distances.
Mass
* Scale - A device used to measure the mass of an object by comparing it to the mass of a known object.
* Balance - A device used to measure the mass of an object by counteracting its weight with a known force.
* Spring scale - A device that measures the force required to stretch a spring, which is calibrated to display the mass of the object.
Volume
* Graduated cylinder - A cylindrical container with a spout, marked in units of volume, such as milliliters or liters.
* Beaker - A cylindrical or conical container with a spout, used for measuring and mixing liquids.
* Pipette - A slender glass tube with a small opening at one end, used for measuring and transferring small volumes of liquid.
* Burette - A graduated glass tube with a stopcock at one end, used for measuring and delivering precise volumes of liquid.
Temperature
* Thermometer - A device used to measure temperature by measuring the expansion or contraction of a liquid, gas, or solid.
* Thermocouple - A device that measures temperature by converting the difference in temperature between two dissimilar metals into an electrical signal.
* Resistance temperature detector (RTD) - A device that measures temperature by measuring the change in electrical resistance of a metal as its temperature changes.
Pressure
* Barometer - A device used to measure atmospheric pressure.
* Manometer - A device used to measure the pressure of a gas or liquid by comparing it to the pressure of the atmosphere.
* Vacuum gauge - A device used to measure pressure below atmospheric pressure.
Light
* Photometer - A device used to measure the intensity of light.
* Spectrophotometer - A device that measures the intensity of light as a function of its wavelength.
* Lux meter - A device used to measure the level of illumination in a space.
Sound
* Sound level meter - A device used to measure the intensity of sound.
* Frequency analyzer - A device that measures the frequency of sound.
* Oscilloscope - A device that displays the waveform of a sound wave.
Electricity
* Voltmeter - A device used to measure the difference in electrical potential between two points in a circuit.
* Ammeter - A device used to measure the current flowing through a circuit.
* Ohmmeter - A device used to measure the electrical resistance of a component.
* Capacitance meter - A device used to measure the capacitance of a capacitor.