* Vibrato: This is a technique that involves oscillating the pitch of a note slightly above and below its base frequency, creating a "warbling" effect. Vibrato can be used to add warmth, expressiveness, and intensity to the sound of the viola.
* Pizzicato: This technique involves plucking the strings with the fingers of the right hand, rather than using the bow. Pizzicato can produce a sharp, percussive sound that is often used to create a sense of urgency or excitement.
* Sul tasto: This technique involves playing close to the fingerboard, which produces a soft, mellow sound. Sul tasto is often used to create a sense of mystery or introspection.
* Sul ponticello: This technique involves playing close to the bridge, which produces a bright, piercing sound. Sul ponticello is often used to create a sense of urgency or excitement.
* Col legno: This technique involves using the wooden part of the bow to strike the strings, producing a harsh, percussive sound. Col legno is often used to create a sense of drama or chaos.
These are just a few of the many special effects that can be used on the viola. With its wide range of sounds and techniques, the viola is a versatile instrument that can be used to create a variety of musical expressions.