2) Sound to Electrical Energy: When the strings vibrate, they create sound waves. These sound waves can be picked up by a microphone, which converts the sound energy into electrical energy.
3) Electrical to Mechanical Energy: When the electrical signal from the microphone is amplified, it can be used to power a loudspeaker. The loudspeaker converts the electrical energy back into mechanical energy, causing the speaker cone to vibrate and produce sound.