Ancient Harps:
- Early harps date back to around 3500 BC, with evidence found in ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt.
- These early harps had a simple design, consisting of a few strings stretched across a wooden frame.
Celtic and Medieval Harps:
- During the Celtic and medieval periods (around 5th to 15th centuries), the harp gained prominence in Europe.
- The Celtic harp, also known as the clàrsach, had a triangular frame and was often made of wood like willow or oak.
- The medieval harps featured more strings and became larger in size. They were used for both secular and religious music.
Renaissance and Baroque Harps:
- The Renaissance period (14th to 17th centuries) saw the development of the Renaissance harp, characterized by its graceful, curved body.
- During the Baroque period (17th to 18th centuries), the pedal harp was invented.
- The pedal harp allowed for chromatic changes in pitch by adjusting the string lengths using foot-operated pedals.
Modern Harps:
- In the 19th century, Erard and other harp makers introduced innovations like double-action pedals and improved soundboard design.
- These advancements led to the development of the modern concert harp, which is used in classical music today.
- Modern harps typically have 47 strings and are known for their rich, full sound.
Throughout its evolution, the harp has been embraced by various cultures and musical traditions, from traditional folk music to classical orchestras. It continues to be a versatile and evocative instrument, captivating audiences with its enchanting melodies.