A major scale (also known as an Ionian mode) consists of the following pattern of whole steps (W) and half steps (H):
```
W - W - H - W - W - W - H
```
A natural minor scale (also known as an Aeolian mode) consists of the following pattern of whole steps and half steps:
```
W - H - W - W - H - W - W
```
Major and minor scales can be used to create different moods and emotions in music. Major scales typically sound bright, cheerful, and optimistic, while minor scales tend to have a dark, sad, or melancholic feel.
Key Signature:
- Each major or minor scale has its own key signature, which consists of sharps (#) or flats (b) added to the staff to modify certain notes. This alters the pitch of the notes and establishes the specific pitch center for the scale.
In summary:
- A major scale is a set of seven notes that has a bright and cheerful sound, while a minor scale is a set of seven notes that has a darker and sadder sound.
- The specific arrangement of whole steps and half steps within the scales creates their distinct musical characteristics.
- They have different key signatures, which determine the specific pitches of the notes within the scale.
- Major and minor scales are fundamental building blocks of Western music, used to create melodies, harmonies, and overall compositions.