Mariachi's origins come from the state of Jalisco in western Mexico, where the musical combination of violins, trumpets and guitars were played at family gatherings, including weddings. The form got its name during the reign of Emperor Maximilian I in the 19th Century. Maximilian was placed into power by Napoleon III and brought French culture to Mexico. Mariachi was named for "mariage," the French word for marriage.
Mariachi bands are known for their varieties of guitars. Two guitars are mandatory for a band to be considered a mariachi band. One is a small, high-pitched, five-string guitar called a vihuela. The other is an oversized bass guitar called a guitarron. A classical guitar is also part of the group, along with violins and trumpets. Harps can also be used in mariachi music. Tejano bands use traditional mariachi instruments with the addition of an accordion.
Members of a mariachi band wear traditional charro suits. These suits were originally worn by the horsemen of Mexico during competition in rodeos and parades. The suits are ornately embroidered on the sleeves and pants legs. Traditionally, suits are black with silver embroidery or buckles and are topped off with a red tie, but color choices are abundant. Mariachi band members also wear decorated sombreros, which can feature detailed designs and embroidery.
Mariachi bands keep alive the tradition of Mexican folk music, which dates back hundreds of years, and must be able to play extensive song lists. The songs range from traditional tunes to current mariachi music, which is still a hit in Mexico and the American Latino community. The mariachi band's guitar players always lead the group, as the vihuela and guitarron set the rhythmic patterns.