Here's a breakdown of the events:
Background:
* Economic Depression: The United States was experiencing a severe economic depression in the 1870s. Unemployment was high, and many blamed Chinese immigrants for taking jobs and driving down wages.
* Anti-Chinese Sentiment: Chinese immigrants were already facing discrimination and prejudice. The "Workingmen's Party of California" and other organizations fueled anti-Chinese sentiment, claiming Chinese laborers were a threat to American jobs and way of life.
The Riots:
* July 23, 1877: A fight broke out between Chinese workers and white workers at the California Street Wharf. This sparked a wave of violence against Chinese businesses and residents.
* Days of Violence: Over several days, mobs of white rioters attacked Chinese businesses, homes, and even a Chinese-owned hospital.
* Police Inaction: The police were largely ineffective in stopping the violence. Some even joined in the attacks on Chinese people.
* State Militia Called In: Governor Irwin finally called in the state militia to restore order.
Consequences:
* Deaths and Injuries: While the exact number of casualties is unknown, several Chinese people were killed, and many more were injured.
* Property Destruction: Hundreds of Chinese businesses and homes were destroyed by the rioters.
* Increased Anti-Chinese Sentiment: The riots further fueled anti-Chinese sentiment and contributed to the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
Significance:
The San Francisco Riots of 1877 highlight the racism and xenophobia that were prevalent in America at the time. They represent a dark chapter in San Francisco's history and serve as a reminder of the dangers of prejudice and discrimination.
Note: The term "San Francisco Riot of 1877" is not commonly used. It's more accurately referred to as the "Chinese Riots" or "Anti-Chinese Riots" of 1877.