Who wrote when the saints go marching in and why?

"When the Saints Go Marching In" is a traditional gospel song that originated in the late 19th or early 20th century. Its exact origins are uncertain, but it is believed to have originated with African American spirituals and has been passed down through oral tradition. Throughout its history, various individuals and groups have adapted and popularized the song.

Here is a brief timeline of the known history of the song:

19th century: The song originated in the late 19th century, primarily among African American communities in the United States. It was sung as a spiritual and as part of religious services.

Early 20th century: During the early 20th century, "When the Saints Go Marching In" began to spread beyond its initial religious and cultural context and became more widely known in American popular music.

Jazz influence: In the 1920s and 1930s, jazz musicians, particularly in New Orleans, embraced "When the Saints Go Marching In" and incorporated it into their performances. Jazz artists like Louis Armstrong and Louis Prima helped popularize the song on a broader scale.

1938 recording: In 1938, a group called The Original Dixieland Jazz Band made the first recorded version of "When the Saints Go Marching In." Their rendition contributed significantly to the song's popularity.

International recognition: Over time, "When the Saints Go Marching In" gained international recognition and was performed by a diverse range of artists from different genres, including gospel, jazz, pop, and rock.

While it's difficult to attribute the song to a specific author or composer, it has become a beloved and iconic part of American music and cultural heritage. It represents a collective creation that emerged from African American spiritual traditions and was influenced and popularized by various individuals and groups throughout its history.