The word "gamelan" is derived from the Javanese word "gamel," which means "hammer" or "mallet." This refers to the mallets that are used to strike the metal keys of the instruments. The word "gamelan" can also be translated as "orchestra," as these ensembles can include dozens of musicians.
Gamelan music is characterized by its use of slendro and pelog scales. Slendro scales are five-tone scales that divide the octave equally, while pelog scales are seven-tone scales that are not evenly divided. The tuning of the instruments is also very precise, with each key tuned to a specific frequency.
Gamelan music is often played in ensemble, with each musician playing a specific part. The instruments in a gamelan ensemble can be divided into two main groups: the melodic instruments and the rhythmic instruments. The melodic instruments, such as the metallophones and xylophones, are tuned to different pitches and are used to create the melodies. The rhythmic instruments, such as the gongs and drums, are used to create the rhythm and pulse of the music.
Gamelan music is a complex and highly sophisticated form of music. It is an important part of Indonesian culture and has been enjoyed for centuries.