* Existing knowledge:
* Hot air balloons: He was familiar with the concept of lighter-than-air flight, as hot air balloons had been around for decades.
* Steam engine: He was a skilled engineer who had worked with steam engines.
* His own innovation: Giffard's key contribution was combining the two by creating a steam-powered airship. He saw the potential of using a steam engine to propel a dirigible, providing greater control and maneuverability compared to the unpredictable movement of balloons.
Specifically, Giffard's airship, launched in 1852, featured:
* A cigar-shaped envelope: This shape was chosen for its aerodynamic qualities.
* A steam engine: It provided the power to drive a propeller, enabling controlled movement.
* A propeller: This was mounted at the rear of the airship, allowing for forward propulsion.
* A ballast system: This allowed the airship to adjust its altitude.
Giffard's airship, though a groundbreaking achievement, was limited by the weight and inefficiency of the steam engine. However, it paved the way for future developments in airship technology, including the development of lighter and more powerful engines. His work inspired others to explore the possibilities of airship travel and ultimately led to the creation of the massive airships that were used for commercial and military purposes in the early 20th century.