1. Blown Head Gasket: A blown head gasket can cause antifreeze to leak into the combustion chamber, leading to it being expelled through the exhaust or into the other cylinder if the gasket is compromised between cylinders.
2. Cracked Cylinder Head: A crack in the cylinder head can allow antifreeze to seep into the combustion chamber, causing it to be expelled through the exhaust.
3. Damaged Cylinder Sleeve: If the cylinder sleeve is damaged or cracked, it can allow antifreeze to leak into the combustion chamber.
4. Faulty Head Bolt Threads: If the head bolt threads in the cylinder head or engine block are damaged or not properly tightened, it can allow antifreeze to leak from the cylinder head.
To accurately diagnose the problem and determine the cause, it's recommended to have your car inspected by a professional mechanic or automotive technician. They can perform a thorough inspection, check for any visible leaks, and determine if the head gasket or other components need to be replaced.