1. Muscular Force: Both Jim and David apply muscular force to their respective arms. Jim uses all of his strength, while David may not be able to match his strength. This muscular force is the primary force involved in the arm wrestle.
2. Reaction Force: The table exerts a reaction force on both Jim and David's arms. As they push against the table, the table pushes back with an equal and opposite force. This reaction force opposes the muscular force applied by Jim and David.
3. Frictional Force: Friction between Jim and David's hands and the table surface can also play a role. The frictional force opposes the sliding motion of their hands and can affect the outcome of the arm wrestle.
4. Gravitational Force: The force of gravity acts on both Jim and David's bodies, pulling them downward. This force is usually not significant in an arm wrestle unless one person has a significant weight advantage.
5. Joint Forces: The joints in Jim and David's arms, wrists, and elbows experience forces due to the muscular contractions and the resistance from the table. These joint forces help stabilize and control their arms during the arm wrestle.
In this case, Jim is able to push David's hand over the table, which means that the net force acting on David's hand is in the direction of Jim's push. This implies that the muscular force applied by Jim, combined with any frictional forces, is greater than the muscular force applied by David and the reaction force from the table.