Here's how it works:
* Handcuffs Dragon is a Continuous Trap Card and not a monster.
* It doesn't come back on its own if it's destroyed.
* If it's attached to a monster and that monster is destroyed, Handcuffs Dragon is also destroyed.
* You can only activate this card if you control no monsters, and then it can only be attached to a monster you control.
So, no, Handcuffs Dragon doesn't come back if it's attacked or destroyed. It only comes back into play if you activate it again from your hand and meet the requirements (no monsters on your side of the field).