What does the last name Cardwell mean?

Cardwell is a habitational name from one or both of two places in Lancashire, England. The first, the ancient village of Cartmel in the Furness peninsula, was recorded as Caerthmel in the Domesday Book of 1086. This name is variously translated as ‘lakeside fort’, ‘Cyneburga’s fortress’ or ‘fortress of the Britons’, from Old English elements. The second is the city of Carlisle, which had been a Roman fort known as Luguvallium. This settlement was also recorded in the Domesday Book as Caerlevil and is ultimately derived from the Cumbric name Caer Luel ‘fort of Luel’, and possibly ‘lake fort’. Cardwell as a surname is first recorded in the 13th century (as Cardewelle, Cardoyl), and derives from either of these places.