One of the most significant influences of African drumming music on samba is the use of polyrhythms. Polyrhythms are the simultaneous use of two or more different rhythms, and they are a fundamental element of African music. Samba music incorporates polyrhythms in its various percussion parts, creating a complex and dynamic sound.
Another important influence of African drumming music on samba is the use of call-and-response vocals. Call-and-response is a vocal technique in which a singer or group of singers sings a phrase or line, and then the audience or another group of singers responds with a different phrase or line. This technique is commonly used in African music and is also found in samba music, particularly in the call-and-response between the lead singer and the chorus.
Finally, African drumming music has also influenced the use of percussion instruments in samba. The tamborim, pandeiro, and surdo are all percussion instruments that are commonly used in samba music and have their origins in African music. The tamborim is a small handheld frame drum, the pandeiro is a larger frame drum with jingles, and the surdo is a large bass drum. These instruments provide the rhythmic foundation for samba music and contribute to its unique and vibrant sound.
Overall, African drumming music has had a profound influence on the development of samba music, shaping its rhythms, vocal techniques, and use of percussion instruments. Samba music continues to be an important part of Brazilian culture and a testament to the enduring influence of African music.