How does saxophone makes higher pitch?

The pitch of a saxophone is primarily determined by the length of its tube. Longer tubes produce lower pitches, while shorter tubes produce higher pitches. The saxophone has a series of keys that open and close holes along the length of the tube. When a key is pressed, the corresponding hole is opened, which allows more air to escape from the tube. This causes the air pressure inside the tube to decrease, which in turn produces a higher pitch.

In addition to the length of the tube, the shape of the saxophone's bell also affects the pitch. A wider bell produces a lower pitch, while a narrower bell produces a higher pitch. The material used to construct the saxophone can also affect the pitch, with heavier materials producing lower pitches and lighter materials producing higher pitches.

By varying the length of the tube, the shape of the bell, and the material used, saxophone makers can create saxophones that produce a wide range of pitches. The most common saxophone is the Bb soprano saxophone, which is pitched in the key of Bb. Other common saxophones include the Eb alto saxophone, the Bb tenor saxophone, and the Eb baritone saxophone.