After its creation in 1968 by Swedish wheelchair user Els-Britt Larsson, wheelchair dancing quickly took on a competitive nature. The first competition took place in 1975 in Sweden. News of the inspirational sport spread, and it was soon practiced throughout the world. In 1998, the first Wheelchair Dance Sport World Championships were held. The sport was then officially recognized by the International Paralympic Committee.
Wheelchair dance is broken down by style of dance and form. The paso doble, samba, rumba and cha-cha-cha fall into the Latin-American category. The Viennese waltz, quickstep, tango and foxtrot fall within the Standard category. Wheelchair dancers who pair with able-bodied partners use the Combi form, while a pair of wheelchair dancers are considered a Duo. Other forms include Single, in which a wheelchair user competes solo, and Group, where several wheelchair users compete together partnered with able-bodied dancers.
Dancers can compete on a variety of levels, including regional, national and world. Competitors are tested and categorized by ability and skill level. They must demonstrate the ability to accelerate, stop and steer the chair while holding their partner's hand. Athletes capable of full-arm extension and trunk rotation may compete in higher categories, depending on the competition.
Wheelchair dancing offers health benefits on both physical and emotional levels. The physical exertion required for practice, performance and competition can be a good form of physical therapy. Wheelchair users gain a sense of inspiration, confidence and fulfillment from dancing. Being part of a team is very validating.