What type of poetry is sonnet?

A sonnet is a 14-line poem with a specific rhyme scheme and structure. Sonnets are often written in iambic pentameter, which is a meter consisting of ten syllables per line, with the stressed syllables falling on the first, third, fifth, seventh, and ninth syllables. The rhyme scheme of a sonnet typically follows one of two patterns: either ABAB CDCD EFEF GG or ABBA ABBA CDCDCD. Sonnets are traditionally divided into two parts: the octave, which consists of the first eight lines, and the sestet, which consists of the last six lines. The octave typically introduces the poem's main theme or idea, while the sestet provides a resolution or commentary on the octave.