When was Copernican treatise published?

The Copernican treatise, titled "On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres" (De revolutionibus orbium coelestium), was published in 1543. It is considered one of the most influential scientific books ever written and marked the beginning of modern astronomy. The book presented Copernicus's heliocentric model of the universe, which placed the Sun at the center and the Earth and other planets revolving around it. Although the publication of this revolutionary theory faced resistance from the prevailing geocentric views of the time, it laid the foundation for future scientific discoveries and changed our understanding of the universe.