Read the text of Homer's "Iliad" with care and precision. The "Iliad" has roots in the oral tradition and in written poetry, but some modern translations present the work as a prose novel, making it easy to digest. Although it appears challenging due to its length and depth, the "Iliad" contains classic depictions of bloody battles, heroism, revenge, love and friendship. Scholars date the "Iliad" to the eighth or ninth century B.C., but its subject matter remains timeless.
Select a theme for your critique. Be as specific as possible. Unless you are writing a full-length book, your critique of the "Iliad" will not touch on every theme in the epic work. Your critique might explore how the traits of Homeric heroes -- principally courage and honor -- are presented in the "Iliad." You might analyze the relationship between human characters and the Greek gods in the "Iliad," focusing on how the humans are often bound by their predetermined destiny. Alternatively, your critique could examine the crucial roles played by women, including Helen of Troy, in the "Iliad."
Create an outline for your critique before you begin writing it. Determine the relevant points you want to make in your critique and in which order you want to state them. Decide which specific lines of text from the "Iliad" you will use to flesh out your analysis. Regardless of which theme you select, it is likely you will focus on the motivation and personality traits of some of the major characters in the "Iliad." For example, a discussion of Achilles would mention his vengeful anger as well as his thirst for glory in battle.
Write your critique of the "Iliad" in the form of a standard essay. Keep in mind that a critique differs from a mere summary in that it should include elements of analysis, evaluation and well-reasoned opinion. Start with a paragraph -- or an introductory section, depending on the required length of your critique -- that states your theme and your point of view. After making your case using a series of examples from the text, conclude by briefly restating and summarizing your opening theme.
Savor the entire process of reading, learning about and critiquing Homer's "Iliad." The epic poem has intellectually stimulated readers for centuries. It has influenced the works of William Shakespeare, James Joyce and other literary giants. Do not view writing a critique of the "Iliad" as an unpleasant chore. Instead, embrace it as a richly rewarding learning experience.