In the novel, Panem is the name of the post-apocalyptic nation that encompasses the former territory of North America. It's a dystopian society ruled by the Capitol, a powerful city-state that controls the districts surrounding it.
Collins chose the name "Panem" for several reasons:
* Latin origin: "Panem" is Latin for "bread." This symbolizes the Capitol's control over the districts, who rely on the Capitol for basic necessities like food.
* Irony: The name "Panem" is ironic because it suggests abundance and peace, while the reality of Panem is harsh, oppressive, and violent.
* Contrast with "Hunger Games": "Panem" stands in stark contrast to the brutal "Hunger Games," which are a televised battle royale held annually within the nation.
The name "Panem" has become synonymous with the Hunger Games series, both in the books and in the films. It represents a powerful symbol of the dystopian society and the Capitol's control over the lives of the people.