1. Realism and Naturalism: He broke from the idealized and mannerist styles of the time, bringing a stark realism to his paintings. His figures were often ordinary people, depicted with incredible detail and anatomical accuracy, capturing the light and shadow of everyday life.
2. Tenebrism: He mastered the technique of tenebrism, using dramatic contrasts of light and dark to create a sense of depth and atmosphere. This technique, which he helped popularize, emphasized the dramatic moments in his narratives.
3. Emotional Intensity: His paintings were not merely depictions of stories but were filled with emotional intensity. He conveyed the raw emotions of his subjects, whether it be the anguish of St. Matthew or the devotion of the Madonna.
4. Impact on Baroque Style: Caravaggio's style greatly influenced the development of Baroque art. His use of light, dramatic composition, and realistic detail inspired countless artists throughout Europe.
5. Controversial and Rebellious: His life was as dramatic as his art. He was known for his rebellious nature, frequent brawls, and even a murder conviction, which forced him into exile. This adds a fascinating layer to his legend, highlighting his bold personality and defiance of convention.
6. Influence on Later Artists: Artists like Rembrandt, Velázquez, and even the Impressionists drew inspiration from Caravaggio's revolutionary approach to light and composition. His impact on the development of art, particularly painting, remains significant today.
In summary, Caravaggio's importance lies in his ability to break away from traditional artistic norms and introduce a new realism and emotional intensity to painting. His techniques and style inspired generations of artists and continue to be admired for their power and beauty.