The Sumerians are credited with inventing the earliest form of writing, known as cuneiform. Cuneiform was a system of writing that used wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets. It was first developed by the Sumerians in around 3500 BC and was later adopted by other civilizations in the Middle East, including the Babylonians and Assyrians.
The Wheel
The Sumerians are also credited with inventing the wheel. The earliest evidence of wheeled vehicles dates back to around 3500 BC and was found in the Sumerian city of Ur. The wheel was a major technological breakthrough that revolutionized transportation and trade.
Sailing Ships
The Sumerians were also among the first people to use sailing ships. The earliest evidence of Sumerian sailing ships dates back to around 3000 BC. Sailing ships allowed the Sumerians to travel long distances and trade with other civilizations.
Mathematics
The Sumerians were also advanced in mathematics. They developed a system of mathematics based on 60, which is still used today in measuring time and angles. The Sumerians also developed a number system that used symbols to represent numbers.
Astronomy
The Sumerians were also interested in astronomy. They developed a calendar based on the observation of the stars and planets. The Sumerian calendar was one of the most accurate calendars of its time.
Architecture
The Sumerians were also skilled architects. They built some of the world's first cities, including Ur and Uruk. The Sumerians also built temples, palaces, and other public buildings.