* The impact of colonization and cultural displacement: The story is set in the 1960s in New Zealand, where Māori culture is grappling with the effects of British colonization. The novel highlights the loss of traditional land, the erosion of cultural practices, and the struggle to maintain identity in a rapidly changing world.
* Loss of innocence and the complexities of family relationships: The story focuses on a young Māori girl, Keri, and her family. Keri's journey to adulthood is marked by loss, trauma, and disillusionment. The novel explores the complexities of family dynamics, including the challenges of communication, generational gaps, and the weight of unspoken secrets.
* The resilience of the human spirit: Despite the challenges they face, the characters in the novel display remarkable resilience. They struggle to adapt to their changing world, find meaning in their lives, and maintain a sense of hope. The novel emphasizes the power of community and the enduring strength of cultural heritage.
* The importance of environmental awareness and the consequences of human actions: The novel's title itself reflects a sense of loss and a lament for the natural world. The story explores the environmental degradation that accompanies colonization and industrialization, prompting readers to consider the impact of human actions on the planet.
Ultimately, "It Used to Be Green Once" is a poignant story about the challenges of change and the search for meaning in a rapidly evolving world. The novel's complex themes resonate with readers on both a personal and a global level, making it a powerful and thought-provoking work of literature.