1. Comic Irony: The play employs situational irony, where characters are unaware of significant information that the audience knows. This creates humorous instances where characters react differently from the audience's expectations. For example, when Bertram reacts with horror to the news of Helena's death, the audience is aware of her ruse and finds his exaggerated grief amusing.
2. Disguise: Helena's disguise as Diana enhances the play's dramatic tension and allows her to manipulate events more effectively. This device leads to mistaken identities, misunderstandings, and a heightened sense of intrigue.
3. Wordplay and Puns: Shakespeare uses humor through wordplay, puns, and bawdy jokes. These witty exchanges provide comedic relief amidst the play's serious plot elements.
4. Parallel Plots: The play features parallel plotlines involving Helena and Bertram's relationship and the story of the French court, which intersect and influence each other. This structure creates a dynamic and multifaceted narrative.
5. Courtly Love and Romance: "All's Well That Ends Well" explores themes of courtly love and romance. Helena's unwavering love for Bertram and her quest to win his heart drive the central conflict and resolution.
6. Love as a Healing Force: The play presents the transformative power of love. Helena's love has a profound impact on Bertram, leading to his personal growth and redemption.
7. Gender Roles: The play explores the societal expectations and limitations placed on women. Helena's defiance of these expectations and her active pursuit of Bertram challenge gender conventions.
8. Tragicomedy: "All's Well That Ends Well" contains elements of both comedy and tragedy. While it ultimately concludes happily, the play features serious conflict, misunderstandings, and moments of despair before the resolution.
These dramatic techniques combine to create a lively, entertaining, and thought-provoking play that delves into themes of love, loyalty, and self-discovery.