The mosaic is a surface art form, or a decoration across a surface such as a sidewalk or a wall.
The final mosaic is composed of hundreds or even thousands of parts of various sizes. The whole mosaic is a total composition that may be recognized as a specific shape or form.
Ancient mosaics were composed of tiny pieces of pebbles, marbles and other substances. Each mosaic piece is a cube shape called a tessera or tessela.
Istanbul, the capital of modern Turkey, is home to ancient mosaics that have survived over many centuries. Some pieces of surviving mosaics are broken or damaged.
Archaeologists, art historians and other scholars analyze pieces of mosaics to determine their age and the materials from which they were made.