Italic calligraphy is a simple yet elegant calligraphic font. The most outstanding feature of this type of lettering style is its slant. The letters in Italic all lean to the right, giving the words a flowing, graceful look. Italic calligraphy might be an ideal choice for a somewhat less formal function like a birthday party or open house invitation.
Gothic calligraphy has been used for centuries, beginning in Europe in the middle ages. Gothic letter styling is extraordinarily ornate, complete with an excess of opulent lines and curves. You can still find Gothic font being used in children's fairy tale books (usually the first letter of a chapter). Because Gothic calligraphy is so decorative, it is probably best saved for formal occasions like a big wedding.
Copperplate font is also a rather formal style of writing, and was developed in Europe during the 17th century. The most famous example of Copperplate script ever used is probably the Declaration of Independence. Copperplate's most outstanding feature is the way each of its individual letters varies in width from top to bottom. This effect is achieved by applying various amounts of pressure on the pen at different points in the writing process. Although this style does have an elegant and romantic look to it, it can be difficult to read at times.
London lettering style is a much more accessible font type, mostly because it's so easy to read. It may not be as elaborate as Gothic or Copperplate, but it's still alluring and graceful in its own right. London calligraphy could be used for smaller weddings, charity events or baby showers. It's a contemporary take on an ancient art form.