Architectural history is a very rich and robust topic. Many have decided to study architectural history or develop an expertise in historical preservation or historical design. However, within this topic there are many historical eras and building elements that have not been studied, cataloged or critiqued. Thus, as we progress through time, new subjects are being studied in the various historical periods, such as the Classical, Baroque and Modern.
As mentioned above, architecture is not just about the construction of a building. The development of architecture beyond construction has brought forth the question of what architecture is and should be. In this way, architectural theory has developed in conjunction with the subject of philosophy. Because shelter is such a basic element of humanity, architectural theorists explore how the built environment shapes us and how we can improve and enable the built environment, as well as the world in general. Theory topics, such as ontology, phenomenology and pragmatism, drive architecture today.
Architecture entails ideas and vision, but its final product is a physical structure. Therefore, a very important architectural topic is design and construction methods. An architectural form can be designed in many ways. Furthermore, the construction of the form can be completed in many modes. So understanding methods and practice is important to determine the best way to complete a project.
As our society continues to advance technologically, our machines and modes of construction improve and evolve. The computer and new technologies, such as three-dimensional printing and computer aided manufacturing, provide new ways of making things. Although each technology has limitations, digital design and fabrication have not met the limits, yet. Thus, the topic of architectural technology is extremely fertile in the near future.
Now we are understanding our impact on the environment, so sustainable design has become one of the most important topics in the field of architecture. There are many avenues to explore in sustainable design, including reduction of volatile organic compounds, reduction of structural carbon footprint and development of low-environmental-impact building products. Science, industry and our culture have not found the balancing point between humanity and eco-friendly existence, so research in sustainable design will continue into the future.