Caravaggio was known for his dramatic use of light and shadow (chiaroscuro), which created a sense of depth and realism. He also placed his figures close to the foreground, often seeming to break through the picture plane.
Here are some examples:
* The Calling of Saint Matthew: Matthew seems to step out of the painting, almost reaching towards the viewer.
* The Sacrifice of Isaac: The figures are positioned close to the foreground, giving the illusion of a scene happening right in front of the viewer.
* The Musicians: The musicians appear to be playing directly for the viewer, breaking the fourth wall.
This use of space and composition created a powerful sense of immediacy and involvement for the viewer, as if they were directly witnessing the depicted event.