Science and Technology:
* Charles Darwin: Biologist who revolutionized biology with his theory of evolution by natural selection.
* Louis Pasteur: Chemist and microbiologist credited with pioneering pasteurization and the germ theory of disease.
* Gregor Mendel: Monk who laid the foundation of modern genetics with his pea plant experiments.
* Michael Faraday: Physicist and chemist known for his discoveries in electromagnetism and electrolysis.
* Nikola Tesla: Inventor and engineer who made significant contributions to the development of alternating current (AC) electricity.
* Alexander Graham Bell: Inventor and scientist who developed the first practical telephone.
* Thomas Edison: Inventor and businessman who developed the incandescent light bulb and many other inventions.
Literature and Art:
* Charles Dickens: Novelist known for his social commentary and vivid characters in works like "Oliver Twist" and "A Tale of Two Cities."
* Leo Tolstoy: Russian novelist who wrote "War and Peace" and "Anna Karenina," exploring themes of love, war, and society.
* Fyodor Dostoevsky: Russian novelist known for his psychological depth and philosophical explorations in works like "Crime and Punishment" and "The Brothers Karamazov."
* Victor Hugo: French poet, novelist, and playwright who penned "Les Misérables" and "The Hunchback of Notre Dame."
* Edgar Allan Poe: American poet, short-story writer, and editor known for his macabre and gothic style.
* William Wordsworth: English poet who was a key figure in the Romantic movement.
* Edgar Degas: French painter and sculptor known for his depictions of dancers and everyday life.
* Claude Monet: French painter who was a key figure in the Impressionist movement.
Politics and Leadership:
* Abraham Lincoln: 16th President of the United States, who led the country through the Civil War and helped end slavery.
* Napoleon Bonaparte: French military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and became Emperor of France.
* Otto von Bismarck: German statesman who unified Germany under Prussian leadership.
* Queen Victoria: Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Empress of India, her reign was the longest of any British monarch.
* Benjamin Disraeli: Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, known for his charisma and political maneuvering.
* Giuseppe Garibaldi: Italian general who played a key role in the unification of Italy.
* Abraham Lincoln: 16th President of the United States, who led the country through the Civil War and helped end slavery.
Other Notable Figures:
* Frederick Douglass: Former slave, abolitionist, and writer who became a powerful voice for human rights.
* Florence Nightingale: Pioneer of modern nursing, known for her work during the Crimean War.
* Karl Marx: Philosopher, economist, and sociologist who developed the theory of communism.
* Sigmund Freud: Neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis.
* Henry David Thoreau: American author, poet, and philosopher, known for his book "Walden."
This list is just a small selection of the many influential men of the 19th century. The era was rich with intellectual and creative minds who shaped the world we know today.