Characterization:
* Dracula: Stoker paints Dracula as the epitome of evil. He is physically described as repulsive, with pale skin, sharp fangs, and a hypnotic gaze. He is a creature of the night, feeding on the life force of the innocent. He is also cunning, manipulative, and utterly devoid of conscience. His evil is further emphasized by his insatiable thirst for blood and his desire to spread his dark influence.
* The Heroes: The characters who oppose Dracula represent good in various ways.
* Van Helsing: He is the embodiment of wisdom, courage, and scientific reasoning. He leads the fight against Dracula with knowledge, determination, and a deep understanding of the supernatural.
* Jonathan Harker: He initially embodies naivety and innocence, but his journey through Dracula's castle transforms him into a brave and resourceful man, willing to sacrifice himself to save others.
* Mina Harker: She is the ideal of purity and love, representing the strength of faith and morality against Dracula's seductive allure.
* Supporting Characters: Stoker creates a spectrum of characters who represent different aspects of good and evil.
* Lucy Westenra: She represents the seductive power of evil and its ability to corrupt innocence.
* Renfield: His descent into madness and his subservience to Dracula illustrate the destructive power of evil and its ability to manipulate the weak.
Setting:
* Dracula's Castle: The castle serves as a physical manifestation of evil. It is a dark, forbidding place, filled with shadows and secrets. It is isolated from the world, a sanctuary for Dracula's monstrous nature.
* Transylvania: The setting of Transylvania is steeped in folklore and mythology, reflecting the ancient and enduring nature of evil. The remote location and its association with superstition add to the atmosphere of fear and dread.
* England: The setting of England represents the bastion of civilization and order. The contrast between the safe and familiar English countryside and the dark, mysterious world of Dracula highlights the conflict between good and evil.
Symbolization:
* Blood: Blood is a recurring symbol in the novel, representing both life and death. Dracula's thirst for blood symbolizes his insatiable desire to consume the life force of his victims.
* Light and Darkness: Light and darkness are used to contrast good and evil. Dracula operates in the shadows, while the heroes often rely on light and sunlight to weaken him.
* Faith and Reason: The struggle between faith and reason is also a key theme. Van Helsing's scientific approach to fighting Dracula reflects the power of reason, while Mina's faith provides her strength and courage.
Overall Effect:
Through these elements, Stoker creates a chilling and compelling narrative that explores the timeless battle between good and evil. He uses characterization and setting to create a vivid and memorable world that reflects the inherent darkness and light within humanity. The novel ultimately suggests that good can triumph over evil, but only through courage, knowledge, and unwavering faith.