- Later, in the 1st century BC, the Chinese began to use inksticks, which were made by mixing soot with glue and other ingredients.
- In India, ink was made from a mixture of lampblack, gum, and water.
- In the 1st century AD, the Romans developed a type of ink called atramentum, which was made from a mixture of lampblack, gum arabic, and water.
- In the Middle Ages, monks developed a type of ink called medieval ink, which was made from a mixture of iron sulfate, oak galls, and water.
- In the 19th century, synthetic inks were developed, which were made from a mixture of chemicals such as carbon black, dyes, and solvents.