* Aluminum (Al)
* Silicon (Si)
* Oxygen (O)
* Water (H₂O)
The specific proportions of these elements and the presence of other elements can vary depending on the type of clay.
Here's a breakdown:
* Aluminum and silicon form the basic building blocks of the silicate minerals that make up clay.
* Oxygen bonds with aluminum and silicon to create the mineral structure.
* Water is essential to the formation of clay. It helps to bind the aluminum and silicon together and gives clay its plasticity.
* Other elements found in clay can include:
* Iron (Fe), which gives clay its red or brown color.
* Calcium (Ca), which can make clay more porous.
* Magnesium (Mg), which can contribute to clay's plasticity.
* Potassium (K), which can enhance clay's strength.
* Sodium (Na), which can make clay more soluble.
The combination of these elements and their proportions determines the specific properties of different types of clay, such as its color, plasticity, firing temperature, and strength.