- Wood: Wooden weapons were often used for training purposes, as they were less likely to cause serious injuries. They were also sometimes used in real combat, particularly by gladiators who specialized in using blunt weapons.
- Bronze: Bronze was a common material for gladiator weapons, as it was relatively strong and durable. Bronze weapons were often used by gladiators who fought in the arena as heavy infantry.
- Iron: Iron was a stronger and more durable material than bronze, making it ideal for weapons that needed to withstand heavy use. Iron weapons were often used by gladiators who fought as heavy infantry or as cavalry.
- Steel: Steel was the strongest and most durable material available for gladiator weapons, but it was also more expensive. Steel weapons were often used by gladiators who were highly skilled and experienced, as they could rely on the strength of their weapons to give them an advantage in combat.
In addition to these materials, gladiator weapons could also be decorated with various metals, gemstones, and other materials to enhance their appearance.